How do pilots utilize VOR stations?

Pilots utilize VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) stations primarily to gauge their lateral position and bearings. VOR stations provide radio signals that denote specific radials, which allow pilots to determine their position relative to the station. By tuning their aircraft's navigation equipment to the frequency of a VOR station, pilots can ascertain their bearing to or from the station.

This information is crucial for course navigation and ensuring the aircraft is on the intended flight path. The ability to identify and maintain a radial from a VOR station helps pilots correct their course as necessary and navigate complex airspace with greater precision, especially in instrument flight rules (IFR) operations. In contrast, other options like measuring altitude or determining cruising speed are typically performed using different instruments and systems that are not associated with VOR use. Similarly, calculating flight time depends on ground speed and distance, which are unrelated to the functions of VOR stations.