What is the difference between a VFR and IFR approach?

VFR approaches are conducted under visual flight rules, which means pilots rely on their own visual perception of the surroundings when making decisions about flying, navigation, and adherence to traffic. This typically occurs in conditions of good visibility where the pilot can see and avoid other aircraft, terrain, and obstacles. In contrast, IFR approaches are designed for instrument flight rules, which are utilized predominantly in situations of low visibility, such as clouds, fog, or heavy precipitation. In these circumstances, pilots must rely on aircraft instruments and navigation aids to determine their position and separation from other aircraft.

By understanding this distinction, one can appreciate that the operational environment and the methods of navigation and control used during each type of approach are fundamentally different, making the correct answer a clear reflection of these critical aspects of flight operation.