What is the primary function of an Instrument Landing System (ILS)?

The primary function of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) is to offer guidance for aircraft landing. The ILS provides precise lateral and vertical guidance to pilots during the approach and landing phases of flight, which is critical in low visibility conditions. This system consists of two main components: the localizer, which gives horizontal guidance, helping the aircraft align with the runway, and the glideslope, which provides vertical guidance, ensuring that the aircraft descends at the correct angle toward the runway. By following the signals from the ILS, pilots can accurately and safely land the aircraft, particularly in environments where visibility is compromised, making it a crucial tool for aviation safety and operational efficiency during landings.